Magnetism and Matter

Explanation: The magnetic dipoles experience a torque due to the magnetic field produced by the current-carrying wire, resulting in a perpendicular orientation. Therefore, (A) is true.
The magnetic field lines circle around the wire, and the field direction at any point is tangent to those circles, which can be considered perpendicular in relation to the wire at a given point.
Therefore, (R) is true.
As the magnetic field influences the dipole’s orientation, therefore, both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Hence, option (1) is the correct answer. 
 

Explanation: The magnetic field within the iron is given by; \(B=\mu_0(H+M)\). Since the iron is already saturated, there’s no more room for additional alignment of magnetic domains, and \(M\) (the magnetization of the material) remains constant. The magnetization of the given material is much larger than the magnetic intensity. Therefore, if the current is increased further, the magnetic field within the iron will increase slightly.
Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.